Courts have universally decided that a man’s tort.

Courts have held that a man is, as one legal observer puts it, "strictly liable for where his sperm ends up when he voluntarily engages in a sexual act." This doctrine of strict liability emanates from cases where men voluntarily impregnate women at their request.

A man cannot enter into statute on artificial insemination, a man cannot waive his parental rights (or the responsibility of child support), nor can a mother. To do so goes against public policy.

The biological fathers of child support.

See Uniform Status of Children of Assisted Conception Act.